Whereas
it appears that a state of war exists between Austria,
Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United
Netherlands, of the one part, and France on the other; and
the duty and interest of the United States require, that
they should with sincerity and good faith adopt and pursue
a conduct friendly and impartial toward the belligerant
Powers;
I have therefore thought fit by these presents to declare
the disposition of the United States to observe the
conduct aforesaid towards those Powers respectfully; and
to exhort and warn the citizens of the United States
carefully to avoid all acts and proceedings whatsoever,
which may in any manner tend to contravene such
disposition.
And I do hereby also make known, that whatsoever of the
citizens of the United States shall render himself liable
to punishment or forfeiture under the law of nations, by
committing, aiding, or abetting hostilities against any of
the said Powers, or by carrying to any of them those
articles which are deemed contraband by the modern usage
of nations, will not receive the protection of the United
States, against such punishment or forfeiture; and
further, that I have given instructions to those officers,
to whom it belongs, to cause prosecutions to be instituted
against all persons, who shall, within the cognizance of
the courts of the United States, violate the law of
nations, with respect to the Powers at war, or any of
them.
In testimony whereof, I have caused the seal of the United
States of America to be affixed to these presents, and
signed the same with my hand. Done at the city of
Philadelphia, the twenty-second day of April, one thousand
seven hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of
the United States of America the seventeenth.
- -George Washington (1793)